Immigration policy is a way governments control through the laws and regulations that allow them to come and settle in Canada. Post-federal immigration policy has focused on population growth, land population growth, and providing driving and financial capital for the economy. Immigration policies also tended to reflect racial or national security interests at the time, which also led to discriminatory restrictions on certain immigrant groups. (See also the Canadian Refugee Policy.)
Who is responsible for immigration?
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Immigration policy after World War II was the responsibility of three separate federal departments or agencies: the Department of Mines and Natural Resources (1936–1949), the Department of Citizenship and Immigration (1950–66, 1992–2016), and the Department of labor. And Immigration (1966-1977) and Canadian Employment and Immigration Commission (1977-1992). Since 2016, Immigration, Refugees and Canada citizenship consultant (IRCC) have been primarily responsible for immigration.
Under the UK North America Act, constitutional responsibility for immigration is shared between the state and federal governments. However, while Ontario was particularly concerned about immigration after World War II, Quebec since the mid-1960s, and British Columbia since 2010, Ottawa has dominated this political arena for much of Canadian history. As of 2017, all states and some parts of the country have agreements with Ottawa to select and recruit immigrants based on their socioeconomic needs. However, Quebec is by far the most autonomous region in immigration policy.
Early 20th Century: Race and National Restrictions
An even more restrictive immigration policy was introduced in 1903-1913, when immigrants mostly from Europe arrived in Canada and after a series of political turmoil and economic troubles after World War I (see Winnipeg General Strike).
Under the Immigration Act amended in 1919, the government banned the nationality of certain groups, including communists, Mennonites, monogamous and other groups with special religious practices, and the nationality of countries that fought Canada during World War I. Austrian. , Hungarians and Turks.
The federal government is also increasingly imposing arbitrary restrictions on the basis of race and religion. In 1911, the government considered outlawing black immigrants, but ultimately failed. Arbitrary restrictions on immigration from South Asia to Canada in the early 20th century led to incidents involving SS Komagata Maru passengers who challenged this discriminatory and monopolistic policy. Louis was denied entry to Canada for arbitrary reasons related to his Jewish heritage.
Many of these discriminatory policies and practices persisted into the mid-20th century.
Changes in Modern Immigration Policy
Following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, Canada replaced the student visa immigration Act of 1976 with the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act. The new law, which went into effect in 2002, retained many of the principles and provisions of the previous law, including immigrants of various classes. He also expanded the family hierarchy to include people of the same sex and civic union.
Most importantly, the 2001 law gave the government greater powers to detain and deport migrants suspected of being a security risk. In 2004, Canada and the United States banned the practice of allowing immigrants to enter the same country on a tourist visa and seek refugee status at the border under the Canada-US Safe Third Country Agreement. However, this policy has been criticized by many critics, arguing that the United States is not a “safe third country” for immigrants because the United States is more anti-immigrant. (See Canadian Refugee Policy)
